The Influence of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation on Performance with Situational Leadership as a Mediating
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54099/aijbs.v6i2.1967Keywords:
Intrinsic Motivation, Extrinsic Motivation, Situational Leadership, Crew Performance, Shipping IndustryAbstract
This study examines the impact of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on the performance of ship crews, with situational leadership as a mediating variable at PT. Salam Pacific Indonesia Lines. The national shipping industry faces complex operational challenges, where crew performance is a key determinant of success. A quantitative causal research design was utilized, employing proportional stratified random sampling to collect samples of 150 respondents. The research population consisted of approximately 250 ship crews of PT. SPIL Data were collected through questionnaires utilizing a five-point Likert scale and analyzed using SEM-PLS. The findings indicate that intrinsic motivation does not have a significant effect on performance (β=0.085; p=0.415), whereas extrinsic motivation has a positive and significant effect (β=0.171; p=0.022). Situational leadership is found to fully mediate the effect of intrinsic motivation on performance and partially mediate the effect of extrinsic motivation on performance. These results integrate Social Exchange Theory (SET), Self-Determination Theory (SDT), and Situational Leadership Theory (SLT) within the maritime industry context. Managerial implications highlight the need for developing situational leadership training programs for ship captains and enhancing fair compensation systems to optimally drive crew performance.
Keywords: intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, situational leadership, ship crew performance, shipping industry
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