The Effect of Employee Engagement and Psychological Empowerment on Employee Performance with Organizational Culture as a Mediator
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54099/aijbs.v6i2.2007Keywords:
Engagement, Psychological Empowerment, Organizational Culture, Employee PerformanceAbstract
This study aims to analyze the effect of Employee Engagement and Psychological Empowerment on Employee Performance with Organizational Culture as a mediating variable among ship crew at PT. XYZ Surabaya. Using a quantitative approach with survey method, the study involved 86 respondents selected through saturated sampling. Data were collected via Likert-scale questionnaires and analyzed using PLS-SEM with SmartPLS 3.0. The results indicate that: (1) Employee Engagement positively and significantly affects Employee Performance (β=0.239; p=0.007); (2) Psychological Empowerment positively and significantly affects Employee Performance (β=0.322; p=0.001); (3) Organizational Culture positively and significantly affects Employee Performance (β=0.379; p=0.000); (4) Employee Engagement positively and significantly affects Organizational Culture (β=0.322; p=0.021); (5) Psychological Empowerment positively and significantly affects Organizational Culture (β=0.435; p=0.000); (6) Organizational Culture partially mediates the effect of Employee Engagement on Performance (β=0.122; p=0.048); and (7) Organizational Culture partially mediates the effect of Psychological Empowerment on Performance (β=0.165; p=0.004). The R² values are 48.3% for Organizational Culture and 68.1% for Employee Performance.
References
Alonso, A., García-Guiu, C., Molero, F., & Moriano, J. A. (2024). Psychological empowerment and job performance: The mediating role of work engagement. Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 40(1), 45–58. https://doi.org/10.5093/jwop2024a5
Bagga, S. K., Gera, S., & Haque, S. N. (2023). The effect of organizational culture on employee performance: Mediating role of employee engagement. Journal of Management & Organization, 29(3), 554–571. https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2021.32
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demands-resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273–285. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000056
Blau, P. M. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. John Wiley & Sons.
Corbeanu, A., & Iliescu, D. (2025). The link between work engagement and job performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Personnel Psychology, 24(1), 15–28. https://doi.org/10.1027/1866-5888/a000342
Denison, D. R., Haaland, S., & Goelzer, P. (2003). Corporate culture and organizational effectiveness: Is there a similar pattern around the world? Advances in Global Leadership, 3, 205–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1535-1203(03)03012-7
Directorate of Distribution Statistics. (2024). Indonesian domestic sea transportation statistics 2023. BPS-Statistics Indonesia. https://www.bps.go.id/
Faqqor, M. N. D., & Atho'illah, A. Y. (2023). Pengaruh employee engagement dan knowledge sharing terhadap kualitas kinerja karyawan dengan budaya organisasi sebagai variabel mediasi. Lan Tabur: Jurnal Ekonomi Syari'ah, 4(2), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.53415/lantabur.v4i2.88
Gallup. (2023). State of the global workplace: 2023 report. Gallup Press. https://www.gallup.com/workplace/349484/state-of-the-global-workplace.aspx
Hartnell, C. A., Ou, A. Y., & Kinicki, A. (2011). Organizational culture and organizational effectiveness: A meta-analytic investigation of the competing values framework's theoretical suppositions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(4), 677–694. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021987
Hendri, M. I. (2025). Exploring factors shaping sustainable employee performance: A systematic literature review. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 11, Article 101586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101586
Juyumaya, J. (2022). How psychological empowerment impacts task performance: The mediating role of work engagement and moderating role of competitive climate. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, Article 889936. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.889936
Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692–724. https://doi.org/10.5465/256287
Khoirunnisa, A., Nurrhasanah, N., Sukmawati, R., & Sulaeman, E. (2025). Pengaruh kepemimpinan dan budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan. EKOMA: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Akuntansi, 4(3), 4708–4716. https://doi.org/10.56799/ekoma.v4i3.3892
Lestari, D. A., & Deviastri, L. (2024). Enhancing employee performance: Impact of engagement, job rotation, compensation, and motivation. Human Capital and Organizations, 2(1), 44–54. https://doi.org/10.55927/hco.v2i1.8102
Liu, X., Yu, J., Guo, Q., & Li, J. (2022). Employee engagement, antecedents and effects on business performance in hospitality industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 34(12), 4631–4652. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-03-2022-0312
Makhamreh, H. Z., Alsakarneh, A., & Ngah, A. H. (2022). Employee motivation, job satisfaction, customer satisfaction, and firm performance. Business: Theory and Practice, 23(2), 357–364. https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.2022.15822
Mathis, R. L., & Jackson, J. H. (2011). Human resource management (13th ed.). South-Western Cengage Learning.
Pacheco, P. O., Coello-Montecel, D., & Tello, M. (2023). Psychological empowerment and job performance: Examining serial mediation effects. Administrative Sciences, 13(3), Article 76. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci13030076
Saks, A. M. (2019). Antecedents and consequences of employee engagement revisited. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 6(1), 19–38. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOEPP-06-2018-0034
Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(3), 293–315. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.248
Schein, E. H. (2010). Organizational culture and leadership (4th ed.). Jossey-Bass.
Setiawan, N., Andika, R., & Wahyono, T. (2023). Analysis of unique resource capabilities and social commerce against competitive advantages. Journal of Management Science, 10(2), 30–36. https://doi.org/10.35335/jocms.v10i2.182
Spreitzer, G. M. (1995). Psychological empowerment in the workplace: Dimensions, measurement, and validation. Academy of Management Journal, 38(5), 1442–1465. https://doi.org/10.5465/256865
Thomas, K. W., & Velthouse, B. A. (1990). Cognitive elements of empowerment: An "interpretive" model of intrinsic task motivation. Academy of Management Review, 15(4), 666–681. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1990.4310926
Victoria, O., Olalekan, U., & Evangeline, N. (2021). Organizational culture and organizational performance: A review of literature. International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management, 3(1), 361–372. https://doi.org/10.35629/5252-0301361372
Villanova, P., Bernardin, H. J., Dahmus, S. A., & Sims, R. L. (1993). Rater leniency and performance appraisal discomfort. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 53(3), 789–799. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164493053003024
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Erdyta Zulreino; Trionowati Trionowati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a 